Knowledge Base

How To Invoke a Stored Procedure with ADO Query Using VBA/C++/Java

Article ID: 185125

Article Last Modified on 3/14/2005

APPLIES TO

This article was previously published under Q185125

SUMMARY

In order to open a stored procedure within ActiveX Data Objects (ADO), you must first open a Connection Object, then a Command Object, fill the Parameters Collection with one parameter in the collection for each parameter in the query, and then use the Command.Execute() method to open the ADO Recordset.

You may optionally use the Parameters.Refresh method to populate the Parameters Collection for the stored procedure. In addition, if the stored procedure is returning output or return parameters, you need to close the recordset before checking the value of the output parameters.

This is demonstrated in the code snippets below that deletes (if it already exists) and then creates a stored procedure, sp_adoTest, on a SQL Server that has input, output, and return parameters, as well as returning a recordset.

This article demonstrates how to perform this operation using VBA/VBScript, C++, and Java.

MORE INFORMATION

These code snippets are abbreviated from the ADO samples listed in the "References" section. Please use the full ADO samples if you want to build and run this code.

VBA in Visual Basic or Microsoft Access & VBScript from ASP

   Dim Conn1 As ADODB.Connection
   Dim Cmd1 As ADODB.Command
   Dim Rs1 As ADODB.Recordset


   Dim strTmp As String


   Dim Connect As String
   Dim Drop As String
   Dim Create As String
   Dim sp as string


   Dim i As Integer
   Dim l As Long


   sConnect= "driver={sql server};" & _


             "server=server_name;" & _
             "Database=pubs;UID=uder_id;PWD=password;"


   sCreate = "create proc sp_AdoTest( @InParam int, " & _


             "@OutParam int OUTPUT ) " & _
             "as "  & _
             "select @OutParam = @InParam + 10 " & _
             "SELECT * FROM Authors WHERE "   & _
             "State <> 'CA' "  &amp; _
             "return @OutParam +10"


   sDrop   = "if exists "  &amp; _


             "(select * from sysobjects where "  &amp; _
             "id = object_id('dbo.sp_AdoTest') and " &amp; _
             "sysstat &amp; 0xf = 4)"  &amp; _
             "drop procedure dbo.sp_AdoTest"


   sSP     = "sp_Adotest"


   ' Establish connection.
   Set Conn1 = New ADODB.Connection
   Conn1.ConnectionString = sConnect
   Conn1.Open


   ' Drop procedure, if it exists &amp; recreate it.
   Set Rs1 = Conn1.Execute(sDrop, l, adCmdText)
   Set Rs1 = Nothing


   Set Rs1 = Conn1.Execute(sCreate, l, adCmdText)
   Set Rs1 = Nothing


   ' Open recordset.
   Set Cmd1 = New ADODB.Command
   Cmd1.ActiveConnection = Conn1
   Cmd1.CommandText = "sp_AdoTest"
   Cmd1.CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
   Cmd1.Parameters.Refresh
   Cmd1.Parameters(1).Value = 10
   Set Rs1 = Cmd1.Execute()


   ' Process results from recordset, then close it.
   RS1.Close
   Set Rs1 = Nothing


   ' Get parameters (assumes you have a list box named List1).


   Debug.print vbTab &amp; "RetVal Param = " &amp; Cmd1.Parameters(0).Value
   Debug.print vbTab &amp; "Input  Param = " &amp; Cmd1.Parameters(1).Value
   Debug.print vbTab &amp; "Output Param = " &amp; Cmd1.Parameters(2).Value
For VBScript users, you would replace the Dim statements with equivalent CreateObject calls, such as: 
   Set conn1 = CreateObject( "ADODB.Connection.1.5" )
As ADO version 1.x is not binary compatible, it is helpful to specify which version of ADO your script is referencing.

C++ Using #import

   #import "C:\Program Files\Common Files\System\ado\msado15.dll" \ 

   _variant_t  vtEmpty (DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);

           rename( "EOF", "adoEOF" )


   ...
   ADODB::_ConnectionPtr  Conn1;
   ADODB::_CommandPtr     Cmd1;
   ADODB::_RecordsetPtr   Rs1;


   _bstr_t    bstrConnect( L"driver={sql server};"


                           L"server=server_name;"
                           L"Database=pubs;UID=user_id;PWD=password;" );


   _bstr_t    bstrCreate ( L"create proc sp_AdoTest( @InParam int, "


                           L"@OutParam int OUTPUT ) "
                           L"as "
                           L"select @OutParam = @InParam + 10 "
                           L"SELECT * FROM Authors WHERE "
                           L"State <> 'CA' "
                           L"return @OutParam +10" );


   _bstr_t    bstrDrop   ( L"if exists "


                           L"(select * from sysobjects where "
                           L"id = object_id('dbo.sp_AdoTest') and "
                           L"sysstat &amp; 0xf = 4)"
                           L"drop procedure dbo.sp_AdoTest" );


   _bstr_t    bstrSP     ( L"sp_Adotest" );


   try
   {


       // Establish connection.
       Conn1.CreateInstance( __uuidof( ADODB::Connection ) );
       Conn1->ConnectionString = bstrConnect;
       Conn1->Open( bstrEmpty, bstrEmpty, bstrEmpty, -1 );


       // Drop procedure, if it exists &amp; recreate it.
       Conn1->Execute( bstrDrop, &amp;vtEmpty, ADODB::adCmdText);
       Conn1->Execute( bstrCreate, &amp;vtEmpty, ADODB::adCmdText);


       // Open recordset.
       Cmd1.CreateInstance( __uuidof( ADODB::Command ) );
       Cmd1->ActiveConnection = Conn1;
       Cmd1->CommandText      = bstrSP;
       Cmd1->CommandType      = ADODB::adCmdStoredProc;


       Cmd1->Parameters->Refresh();
       Cmd1->Parameters->Item[ _variant_t( (long) 1 ) ]->Value =
                                                  _variant_t( (long) 10 );


       Rs1 = Cmd1->Execute( &amp;vtEmpty, &amp;vtEmpty2,
ADODB::adCmdUnknown );


       // Process results from recordset, then close it.
       Rs1->Close();


       // Get parameters.
       TRACE( "\tRetVal Param = %s",
              CrackStrVariant( (tagVARIANT)
                    Cmd1->Parameters->Item[ _variant_t( 0L ) ]-
>Value ) );
       TRACE( "\tInput  Param = %s",
              CrackStrVariant( (tagVARIANT)
                    Cmd1->Parameters->Item[ _variant_t( 1L ) ]-
>Value ) );
       TRACE( "\tOutput Param = %s",
              CrackStrVariant( (tagVARIANT)
                    Cmd1->Parameters->Item[ _variant_t( 2L ) ]-
>Value ) );


   }
   catch( CException *e ) { e->Delete(); }
   catch(...)             {  }
For a demonstration of how to use a Parameterized Query either with classes generated by the MFC ClassWizard, or using straight COM programming, please see the ADOVC sample referenced in the REFERENCES section.

CrackStrVariant is a function that stuffs the contents of a Variant into a CString (if possible) and is demonstrated in the Adovc.exe sample referenced below.

Java


   msado15._Connection  Conn1   = new msado15.Connection();
   msado15._Command     Cmd1    = null;
   msado15._Recordset   Rs1     = new msado15.Recordset();


   Variant              v1 = new Variant();
   Variant              v2 = new Variant();


   String  bstrConnect = new String(


               "driver={sql server};" +
               "server=CharlotteTown;Database=pubs;UID=sa;PWD=;");


   String  bstrCreate  = new String(


               "create proc sp_AdoTest( @InParam int, " +
               "@OutParam int OUTPUT ) " +
               "as " +
               "select @OutParam = @InParam + 10 " +
               "SELECT * FROM Authors WHERE " +
               "State <> 'CA' " +
               "return @OutParam +10" );


   String  bstrDrop    = new String(


               "if exists " +
               "(select * from sysobjects where " +
               "id = object_id('dbo.sp_AdoTest') and " +
               "sysstat &amp; 0xf = 4)" +
               "drop procedure dbo.sp_AdoTest" );


   String  bstrSP      = new String( "sp_Adotest" );


   // Trap any error/exception.
   try
   {


       // Establish connection.
       Conn1.putConnectionString( bstrConnect );
       Conn1.Open( bstrEmpty, bstrEmpty, bstrEmpty, -1 );


       // Drop procedure, if it exists &amp; recreate it.
       vtEmpty.noParam();
       Conn1.Execute( bstrDrop, vtEmpty,
                                       msado15.CommandTypeEnum.adCmdText);
       vtEmpty.noParam();
       Conn1.Execute( bstrCreate, vtEmpty,
                                       msado15.CommandTypeEnum.adCmdText);


      // Open recordset.
       Cmd1= new msado15.Command();
       Cmd1.putActiveConnection( Conn1 );
       Cmd1.putCommandText     ( bstrSP );
       Cmd1.putCommandType     (msado15.CommandTypeEnum.adCmdStoredProc);


       Cmd1.getParameters().Refresh();
       v1.putInt( 1 );
       v2.putInt( 10 );
       Cmd1.getParameters().getItem( v1 ).putValue( v2 );


       vtEmpty.noParam();
       vtEmpty2.noParam();
       Rs1 = Cmd1.Execute( vtEmpty, vtEmpty2,
                                  msado15.CommandTypeEnum.adCmdUnknown );


       // Process results from recordset, then close it.
       Rs1.Close();


       // Get parameters (assumes you have a listbox named List1)
       v1.putInt( 0 );
       List1.addItem( "    RetVal Param = " +
                         Cmd1.getParameters().getItem( v1 ).getValue() );
       v1.putInt( 1 );
       List1.addItem( "    Input  Param = " +
                         Cmd1.getParameters().getItem( v1 ).getValue() );
       v1.putInt( 2 );
       List1.addItem( "    Output Param = " +
                         Cmd1.getParameters().getItem( v1 ).getValue() );
   }
   // Catch Blocks
   catch (com.ms.com.ComFailException e) { }
   catch(Exception e)                    { }

REFERENCES

For additional information, please see the following articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

172403 SAMPLE: Adovb.exe Demonstrates How to Use ADO with Visual Basic

220152 FILE: Adovc.exe Demonstrates How To Use ADO with Visual C++

Keywords: kbhowto kbdatabase kbmdacnosweep kbcode kbarttypeinf KB185125


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