@In a liquid:
Molecules move about, but are quite close to each other
Molecules can't move - they can only vibrate slightly
Molecules can move freely in any direction they want

@In a solid, if you supply more energy then:
the more the particles vibrate
the particles melt
the bonds between the particles break straight away

@In a gas the particles are:
Not attracted to each other at all
Strongly attracted to each other
Bonded to each other

@Diffusion is when:
Particles of different substances gradually become mixed
Molecules come apart
A substance goes straight from a solid to a gas

@Substance Y is Copper (II) sulphate (aq) and substance X is distilled water. If the apparatus is left for several days then:
#diff
The colour will become the same throughout
All the liquid will become a much darker blue
No change will occur

@Substance X is distilled water and Y is aqueous copper (II) sulphate. After several days the liquid becomes the same colour throughout. This is because:
#diff
Copper ions, water molecules and sulphate ions move randomly
Copper ions, being heavy, sink to the bottom
Water molecules only circulate around the jar

@By the process of diffusion these two liquids (distilled water & copper II sulphate) will mix. This process will take:
#diff
Several days
A few seconds
About an hour

@The graph shows a heating curve for a particular substance. What state is the substance at point y?
#graph
Liquid
Solid
Gas

@The graph shows a heating curve for a substance. What is happening at stage x?
#graph
Melting
Boiling
Freezing

@Study the heating curve. What would happen if the graph had carried on beyond z?
#graph
Would have risen again
Would have kept going on the same line as z (ie horizontally)
Would have gone down a little