PING Manual Page
Ping uses the ICMP protocol's mandatory ECHO_REQUEST datagram to
elicit an ICMP ECHO_RESPONSE from a host or gateway. ECHO_REQUEST
datagrams (``pings'') have an IP and ICMP header, followed by a
``struct timeval'' and then an arbitrary number of ``pad'' bytes used
to fill out the packet. The options are as follows:
-c count
Stop after sending (and receiving) count ECHO_RESPONSE packets.
-d
Set the SO_DEBUG option on the socket being used.
-i wait
Wait wait seconds between sending each packet. The default is to
wait for one second between each packet.
-l preload
If preload is specified, ping sends that many packets as fast as
possible before falling into its normal mode of behavior.
-n
Numeric output only. No attempt will be made to lookup symbolic
names for host addresses.
-p pattern
You may specify up to 16 ``pad'' bytes to fill out the packet you
send. This is useful for diagnosing data-dependent problems in a
network. For example, ``-p ff'' will cause the sent packet to be filled
with all ones.
-q
Quiet output. Nothing is displayed except the summary lines at
startup time and when finished.
-r
Bypass the normal routing tables and send directly to a host on an
attached network. If the host is not on a directly-attached network, an
error is returned. This option can be used to ping a local host through
an interface that has no route through it (e.g., after the interface
was dropped by routed(8)).
-s packetsize
Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent. The default is 56,
which translates into 64 ICMP data bytes when combined with the 8 bytes
of ICMP header data.
-v
Verbose output. ICMP packets other than ECHO_RESPONSE that are
received are listed. When using ping for fault isolation, it should
first be run on the local host, to verify that the local network
interface is up and running. Then, hosts and gateways further and
further away should be ``pinged''. Round-trip times and packet loss
statistics are computed. If duplicate packets are received, they are not
included in the packet loss calculation, although the round trip time
of these packets is used in calculating the minimum/average/maximum
round-trip time numbers. When the specified number of packets have been
sent (and received) or if the program is terminated with a SIGINT, a
brief summary is displayed.
Refer also to the ViewStation's local
route command for more information.
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