Revision: 01JUNE2001


Win4Lin 3.0 Installation and Operations Guide

CHAPTER 1

Installing	NeTraverse Win4Lin


o	Graphical Installer
o	Preparing for Installation
o	Installing Win4Lin for the First Time
o	Updating a Previous Version of Win4Lin
o	Removing Win4Lin from Your System

Graphical Installer
NeTraverse Win4Lin comes with a graphical installer that performs the various tasks that make up the 3-stage installation process:
In the first stage of Win4Lin installation, the packages containing the Win4Lin application program and operating system modules are installed. In the second stage the installer copies the Windows installation files from your Windows installation CD to disk. The third stage runs the Microsoft Installer to perform a full Windows installation from the files copied to disk in the previous stage. 
After installing Win4Lin, you are ready to install your favorite Windows applications. Installing Windows applications is straightforward  just run Win4Lin to launch Windows and then install your applications as you would on a native Windows system.

Preparing for Installation
Before running the Win4Lin graphical installer, there are a few issues you should consider to ensure the installation process goes smoothly.

Do You Have a Previous Version of Win4Lin Installed?
The Win4Lin installer always examines your system to see if Win4Lin is already installed. If the installer finds a previous version of Win4Lin, it will automatically remove the older version and install a newer version in its place. The installer also checks to see if the version of the Win4Lin-enabled kernel installed on your system needs to be updated and replaces the older Win4Lin-enabled kernel with a new version if necessary. 

If you have an earlier version of Win4Lin installed on your system, please read the remainder of this section (Preparing for Installation) and then see the section Updating a Previous Version of Win4Lin, which follows Installing Win4Lin for the First Time.

Choosing a Windows Networking Option
Win4Lin offers two ways of supporting the ability of Windows and Windows applications to access networks: WinSock and Virtual Networking (VNET).

If you are installing Win4Lin for the first time on a particular system, you will be asked which of these two options you wish to use. Review the characteristics of each option as summarized below and decide which best fits your networking needs.

WinSock
WinSock redirects Windows networking operations to use the Linux implementation of TCP/IP communication protocols. With WinSock, you wont need to configure any networking settings. Most applications work with this option, but WinSock doesnt sup-port Network Neighborhood and doesnt allow access to a Microsoft Exchange Server.

Virtual Networking (VNET)
VNET provides Windows with access to a virtual network, accessed through a virtual network interface card (NIC). This virtual network forwards IP packets to the external network through the physical NIC that it shares with the Linux network protocols. VNET most closely duplicates native Windows networking and offers support for a wide range of networking applications, including easy access to file and printer sharing through Network Neighborhood. If you select this option, you may also need to configure your Windows network settings using the Network control panel in Windows.

VNET requires that you configure a unique IP address for your virtual network card. If you are connected to a local area network (LAN), you will need to ask your network administrator if your network includes automatic assignment of IP addresses (via DHCP). If not, you can ask your network administrator to provide you with a unique IP address for your virtual network card, and then you can update your Windows Network settings to reflect this address.
 
No Network Connection
If you have no network interface card (NIC) in your computer or if you are not connected to a local area network (LAN), you should choose WinSock. Note that WinSock will allow you to connect to the Internet through a modem, cable modem, or a DSL connection used by your Linux system.

Local Area Network
If you are connected to a network of computers on a local area network (LAN), you should probably choose the VNET option. With this choice you will be able to use the Network Neighborhood tool to simplify the process of locating and connecting to other computers and to printers on your network.

Not Sure Which Option to Use?
If you are uncertain which networking option will work best for you, we recommend that you initially choose WinSock. This option supports Internet browsing and many other networking applications, and lets you get up and running quickly. You can switch between networking options at any time using the win_network command. 

Please note: If you are using Windows 95 (classicnot OSR2), you cannot switch to WinSock from VNET except by reinstalling Windows. Thus if you will be installing Windows 95, you should probably choose WinSock for your initial installation unless you are certain that VNET will better meet your needs. (For more information on networking options, see Configuring the Win4Lin Windows Network in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Chapter 2  Using Win4Lin.)

Creating a Windows Boot Floppy
If your Windows 95/98 installation CD is not bootable, you will need a Windows boot disk (floppy disk) for use during Stage 2 of the installation process. The Windows version of this disk must match the version of your Windows installation CD. For example, if you are using a Windows 98 SE installation CD, you must also use a Windows 98 SE boot floppy. You can only create such a boot floppy on a Windows system that is running the version of Windows that exactly matches your Windows installation CD. 

To create a Windows boot floppy (if you dont already have one), follow these steps:
1	Double click on My Computer.
2	Double click on Control Panel.
3	Double click on Add/Remove Programs.
4	Click on the Startup Disk tab.
5	Insert a floppy in the drive.
6	Click the Create Disk button, and follow the instructions.


Installing Windows from Upgrade Media
If you have purchased a Windows upgrade (i.e., from Windows 95 to Windows 98, or Windows 98 to Windows 98 SE), you will need your Windows installation CD or floppy disks from that earlier version to install Win4Lin. Because you will be installing Windows from upgrade media (e.g., you bought the newer version as an upgrade package, rather than repurchasing the full product at a higher price), the Microsoft Installer used in Stage 3 of the Win4Lin installation will require proof that you purchased an earlier version. You will be asked to insert the CD or the first floppy disk from your earlier Windows version during Stage 3 of the Win4Lin installation.

Troubleshooting
Here are a few details that might be useful if you encounter any problems during installation:

Backing Store
When using Win4Lin, your display performance is affected by an X server setting called backing store. In many distributions this setting is turned off by default, and should be turned on when using Win4Lin. In most cases the Win4Lin installer can automatically enable this setting. If during installation you see a message indicating that the installer cannot enable backingstore, you should enable it manually. (See the section entitled Manually Enabling Backing Store in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Appendix B  Installation Troubleshooting for details.)

CD Automounting
The GNOME and KDE graphical desktop environments are frequently configured to automatically mount your CD-ROM drive when you insert a CD, so that you can access the CD immediately without having to type a command or click an icon. This behavior is usually very convenient, but it interferes with the Win4Lin installation process. Even if you are not using GNOME or KDE, your system may be enabling automounting of CDs using other software. In most cases the Win4Lin installer can automatically disable automounting during installation. In a few situations, you may need to disable automounting manually before starting the installation process. (See the section entitled Manually Disabling CD Automounting in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Appendix B  Installation Troubleshooting for details.)

Partial or Failed Installation
If your system should lock up or suffer a power failure during the installation of Win4Lin, you should first try to restart the installation process from the beginning. The graphical installer is designed to detect partial installations and to perform any cleanup required. If after an incomplete installation you find that the installer cannot complete the installation of Win4Lin successfully, you should try to manually remove any Win4Lin components that may have been installed before the process was interrupted. You should then be able to restart the installation process from the beginning (if you removed all components) or at the stage where the interruption occurred (if you removed just the components installed during that stage.) (See Manually Removing Win4Lin Components in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Appendix B  Installation Troubleshooting for details.)

Installing Win4Lin for the First Time
Once you have reviewed the preparation issues, you are ready to begin the installation process. (If you have an earlier version of Win4Lin installed on your system, please see the section entitled Updating a Previous Version of Win4Lin, which follows this section.)

Connecting to the Internet
If you connect to the Internet before starting the installation process, you will be able to register your copy of Win4Lin. Once you are registered, the Win4Lin graphical installer can automatically check for updates on the NeTraverse Web site during installation. We hope you choose to register with us so that we can keep you informed of future Win4Lin releases, support for new Linux distributions, and any bug fixes we post to our Web site. 

Starting the X Window System
Most current Linux distributions install the X Window System by default and may also set up your system to automatically start X upon system boot. 

If your system displays a graphical login screen at startup, then X is already runningjust enter your username and password at the prompts to log in and start an X session. If your system does not show a graphical login screen, you will need to start the X Window System manually. To start an X session, log in and type the following command at your shell prompt: 
	startx

If X has been configured properly, the system will switch to a graphical screen and your desktop environment will start. If X fails to start, refer to the documentation that accompanies your Linux operating system for assistance.

Stage 1  Package Installation
In the first stage of Win4Lin installation, the packages containing the Win4Lin application program and Win4Lin-enabled kernel are installed. Once this stage is completed, you will be prompted to reboot your system. Follow these steps to perform Stage 1:
1	Close any applications you may have running as you will need to reboot your system during the installation process.
2	Start the X Window System, if necessary, by typing:
	startx
3	Connect to the Internet if you want the installer to check for product updates or for new Win4Lin-enabled kernels on our web site. (This is optional.)
4	Open a terminal window, and become the root user by typing:
	xhost +localhost	
	su - root

5	If you are installing Win4Lin from CD-ROM, place the CD in your drive at this time. 
	If you are installing Win4Lin via download, make sure that you have already downloaded the installer to a directory on your hard drive. 
	Run the installer by typing the appropriate commands: 
	If you are installing Win4Lin from a CD, type the following commands to run the installer from that CD:: 
	
	For most Linux distributions:
	mount -o exec /mnt/cdrom
	cd /mnt/cdrom
	./win4lin-install
	
	For SuSE Linux:
	mount -o exec /cdrom
	cd /cdrom
	./win4lin-install
	
	If you are installing Win4Lin via download, type the following commands to unpack the installer archive 
	you previously downloaded from our Web site and then run the installer from disk:
	cd directoryname
	tar xzvf netraverse_installer.tgz
	cd netraverse_installer
	./win4lin-install
	Where directoryname is the name of the directory into which you downloaded the installer archive. 
6	Follow the on-screen instructions summarized below.

	Updating a Previous Version of Win4Lin
If you have an earlier version of Win4Lin installed on your system, the Win4Lin installer will offer to remove it or update it with version 3.0. Choose the Update option to remove the old version and continue the installation of the new version.

	Registering Your Copy of Win4Lin
During this stage of installation you will be given the opportunity to register your copy of Win4Lin. If you do not wish to register during installation, you can register later on our Web site (www.netraverse.com). We recommend registering during installation so that you will have access to the latest Win4Lin updates. (In order to register and download product updates, you must be connected to the Internet.)

	Entering Your License Code
You will be asked to enter the license code for your copy of Win4Lin during this stage of installation. If installing Win4Lin from CD, the license code can be found on the Win4Lin 3.0 CD sleeve. If you are installing Win4Lin via download the license code will be sent to you by email. Please type the license code exactly as it appears, omitting the hyphens.

	Unsupported Kernels
The Win4Lin installer checks your system to determine if the Linux kernel you are presently using can be automatically updated to a Win4Lin-enabled version. If you are using a kernel that you have modified, a kernel from a beta release version of Linux, or another unsupported kernel, you will see this message:
You do not appear to be running a standard kernel.
If you see this message, you will need to follow the instructions in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Appendix A to update your specific kernel to be Win4Lin-enabled. Once you have completed this procedure, you should restart the installation process at Stage 1.

7	At the conclusion of Stage 1, you will be prompted to reboot your system. If you are installing Win4Lin from CD, you may remove your Win4Lin Installation CD from your CD drive at this time. After rebooting, log in as the non-root user who will be using Win4Lin and proceed with Stage 2.

Stage 2  System-Wide Windows Installation
In the second stage, the installer copies the Windows installation files from your Windows installation CD to your hard drive. Follow these steps to perform Stage 2:

1	Start the X Window System, if necessary, by typing:
	startx

2	Open a terminal window, and become the root user by typing:
	xhost +localhost
	su - root

3	Type the following command to run the Win4Lin installer from your hard drive:
	/usr/bin/win4lin-install

4	Follow the instructions presented.

	Insert Boot Floppy
If your Windows installation CD is not bootable, you will be prompted to insert a boot floppy during this stage. (For instructions on creating a boot floppy see Creating a Windows Boot Floppy in the Preparing for Installation section.)

5	At the conclusion of Stage 2, you should proceed to Stage 3. 
	You may remove your Microsoft Windows installation media at this time.

Stage 3  Personal Windows Installation
This third and final stage runs the Microsoft Installer to perform a full Windows installation from the files copied to disk in Stage 2. This step creates your personal Windows environment in your home directory. In order to ensure that all files are placed in the correct place, you must log in and run this last stage as the non-root user who will be using Win4Lin and Windows.

1	Start the X Window system, if necessary, by typing:
	startx

2	Open a terminal window, and type the following command to run the Win4Lin installer from your hard drive.
	/usr/bin/win4lin-install

3	Follow the on-screen instructions summarized below.

	Windows Upgrade Proof of Purchase
If you purchased a Windows upgrade, you will have to insert the CD or the first floppy from your earlier Windows version. If your earlier version is on floppy disks (very rare), select the Use Floppy Drive option when it appears. 
Note:  If you dont have a floppy drive on your system (e.g. a laptop with the floppy drive disconnected or removed), be sure Use Floppy Drive is not selected or your system may hang. 
When asked for the path to your upgrade media, click the Browse button and then use the Drives drop-down menu to select the N:/ drive (for CD) or the A:/ drive (for floppy).
	Networking Style
Win4Lin offers two ways of supporting the ability of Windows and Windows applications to access networks: WinSock and Virtual Networking (VNET). During this stage of installation you will be asked which of these two options you wish to use. If you are uncertain which networking option will work best for you, we recommend that you initially choose WinSock. You can switch between networking options at any time. (For more information see Configuring the Win4Lin Windows Network in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Chapter 2  Using Win4Lin.)

4	At the conclusion of Stage 3, you will have completed the installation of Win4Lin, a Win4Lin-enabled kernel, and your copy of Microsoft Windows. You will then be ready to use Win4Lin to run a Windows session. (Please see the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Chapter 2  Using Win4Lin for details of configuring and using Win4Lin and Chapter 3  Working in the Win4Lin Environment for details of installing and using Windows applications.)

Updating a Previous Version of Win4Lin
Once you have reviewed the preparation issues, you are ready to begin the update process. The Win4Lin graphical installer always examines your system to see if Win4Lin is already installed. If the installer finds an older version of Win4Lin, it will offer to automatically remove the older version and install a newer version in its place. The installer also checks to see if version of the Win4Lin-enabled kernel installed on your system needs to be updated and replaces the older Win4Lin-enabled kernel with a new version if necessary.

Where to Find the Graphical Installer
Win4Lin 3.0 is the first version of our product to include a graphical installer for automating installation and updating. The first step in performing an installation of a new version of Win4Lin is to determine the quickest and easiest way to get access to a copy of the installer.

Installing a New Version from CD
If you will be upgrading to a new version of Win4Lin from a CD, you will want to run the graphical installer on that CD to begin the update process. The installer can then update your older version of Win4Lin by replacing the Win4Lin components on your system with the newer versions from your CD. Additionally, you have the option of directing the installer to look on our Web site before performing the update to see if there might be even more current Win4Lin components available for download. This ensures that you can perform the update process just one time to have all the latest components installed.

Updating a Pre-3.0 Version of Win4Lin via Download
If you have a pre-3.0 version of Win4Lin installed on your system and you have acquired a valid license code for upgrading to version 3.0 from our Web site, you can perform an upgrade via download from our Web server using the graphical installer. Because this installer was not a part of earlier version of Win4Lin, you must download a copy of it from our Web site to your hard drive before beginning the update process. (You will find directions for downloading the installer in the same location where you arrange to receive your license code.) You can then run the installer from your hard drive and update your older version of Win4Lin by replacing the Win4Lin components on your system with the newer versions available from our Web site.

Updating Win4Lin 3.0 or Later from Our Web Site
Once you have installed any Win4Lin version 3.0 or later, you will already have a copy of the graphical installer on your hard drive. You can simply run this older version of the installer to begin the update process to a newer version of Win4Lin. The older version of the installer always checks to see if a newer version of the installer is available for download and offers to automatically download it to your system and switch to the newer version for the remainder of the update process. To take advantage of Web-based updates, you will need to connect to the Internet before starting the update process, and you will need to register your new copy of Win4Lin. We hope you choose to register with us so that we can keep you informed of future Win4Lin releases, support for new Linux distributions, and any bug fixes we post to our web site.

Starting the X Window System
Most current Linux distributions install the X Window System by default and may even set up your system to automatically start X upon system boot. If your system displays a graphical login screen at startup, then X is already running  just enter your username and password at the prompts to log in and start an X session. 

If your system does not show a graphical login screen, you will need to start the X Window System manually. To do so, log in and then issue the following command at your shell prompt: 
	startx

If X has been configured properly, the system will switch to a graphical screen and your desktop environment will start. If X fails to start, refer to the documentation that accompanies your Linux operating system for assistance.

Updating Win4Lin
Follows these steps to update a previously installed version of Win4Lin to a newer version:
1	Close any applications you may have running, as you may need to reboot your system following the update process.
2	Start the X Window System, if necessary, by typing:
	startx
3	Connect to the Internet so that the installer can check for product updates and new Win4Lin-enabled kernels
	on our web site. (This is optional.)
4	Open a terminal window, and become the root user by typing:
	xhost +localhost
	su - root
5	If you are upgrading to a new version of Win4Lin from a CD, place the CD in your drive at this time. 
	If you are upgrading a pre-3.0 version of Win4Lin via download, 
	make sure that you have already downloaded the new graphical installer 	to a known directory on your hard drive. 
	Run the installer by typing the command(s) appropriate to your situation: 
	If you are upgrading to a new version of Win4Lin from a CD, 
	type the following commands to run the installer from that CD: 

	For most Linux distributions:
	mount -o exec /mnt/cdrom
	cd /mnt/cdrom
	./win4lin-install

	For SuSE Linux:
	mount -o exec /cdrom
	cd /cdrom
	./win4lin-install	

If you are upgrading a pre-3.0 version of Win4Lin via download, type the following commands to unpack the installer archive you previously downloaded from our Web site and then run the installer from disk:
cd directoryname
	tar xzvf netraverse_installer.tgz
	cd netraverse_installer
	./win4lin-install

	Where directoryname is the name of the directory into which you downloaded the installer archive. 

If you are updating a version 3.0 or later copy of Win4Lin via download, type the following command to run the copy of the installer that was left on disk from the previous installation of Win4Lin: 
	/usr/bin/win4lin-install

6	 Follow the on-screen instructions summarized below.
	Updating a Previous Version of Win4Lin
If you have an earlier version of Win4Lin installed on your system, the Win4Lin installer will offer to remove it or update it with version 3.0. Choose the Update option to remove the previous version and continue the installation of the new version.
	Registering Your Copy of Win4Lin
During the update process you will be given the opportunity to register your copy of Win4Lin. If you do not wish to register now, you can register later at our Web site: www.netraverse.com. We recommend registering so that you will have access to the latest Win4Lin updates. In order to register and download product updates, you must be connected to the Internet.
	Entering Your License Code
You will be asked to enter the license code for your copy of Win4Lin during this stage of installation. If installing Win4Lin from CD, the license code can be found on the Win4Lin 3.0 CD sleeve. If you are installing Win4Lin via download the license code will be sent to you by email. Please type the license code exactly as it appears, omitting the hyphens.

7	If you installed an updated Win4Lin-enabled kernel, you will need to reboot your system after completing the update process.

Switching to VNET When Upgrading to Version 3.0
The VNET networking option was not available with Versions 1.0 or 2.0 of Win4Lin. If you have just installed Win4Lin version 3.0 to upgrade from one of these earlier versions and you wish to switch from WinSock to VNET, you will need to use the win_network command to make this change. (Please see Configuring the Win4Lin Windows Network in the Win4Lin Installation and Operations Guide Chapter 2 - Using Win4Lin for details.)

Removing Win4Lin from Your System
A typical installation of Win4Lin is made up of several components, including:
o	The Win4Lin application files (located in /opt/win4lin in your Linux directory)
o	The Win4Lin kernel (usually located in /boot)
o	The Win4Lin system-wide configuration files and the Windows installation file (located in /var/win4lin)
o	Your personal installation of Windows (usually located in $HOME/win). 
	This also includes any Windows applications that you might have installed 
	and perhaps your data files if you placed them on the Windows C:\ drive
o	Your personal My Documents folder containing your data files 
	(which may be located in $HOME/mydata for new Win4Lin 3.0 Windows installations)
	
Removing the Win4Lin application file and the Win4Lin kernel will not cause loss of user data. They may be reinstalled later and you will be able to reuse your Windows environment without having to reload the Windows installation files or reinstalling a personal copy of Windows.

If you remove the Win4Lin system-wide configuration files and the Windows installation files, then any system-wide configuration changes you have made will be lost. Should you want to reload Win4Lin, you would have to reload the same Windows media that you had previously loaded in order to make use of your personal Windows installation.
The Win4Lin installer does not remove your personal Windows installation. You can do this by removing the $HOME/win directory, but note that you will lose all customization you have made to Windows as well as any data files you may have stored on your C:\ drive. Do this with utmost caution!

New with Win4Lin 3.0, the installer automatically creates a D:\ drive that maps to $HOME/mydata. The installer places the Windows My Documents folder on this D:\ drive. We recommend that you store all of your personal data files on the D:\ drive to make sharing easier with Linux applications. Using the D:\ drive for your data files also simplifies the task of backing up your Windows data files.

Removing Win4Lin Components
You can remove an installed version of Win4Lin using the graphical installer. When you first start the installer, it checks to sees if Win4Lin is already installed on your system. If the installer finds a version of Win4Lin installed on your system, you are offered the choices of removing that version or updating it to a newer version. 
Follows these steps to remove Win4Lin from your system:
1	Close any applications you may have running.
2	Start the X Window System (if not already running) by typing:
	startx
3	Open a terminal window, and become root user by typing:
	xhost +localhost
	su - root
4	In the terminal window, type the following commands to run the Win4Lin installer from disk:
	/usr/bin/win4lin-install
5	Follow the on-screen instructions summarized below.

If you have an earlier version of Win4Lin installed on your system, the Win4Lin installer will offer to remove it or update it. You have 3 options for removing all or part of Win4Lin:
	Remove the Win4Lin application.
	Remove the Win4Lin application and the Win4Lin-enabled kernel, restoring your original kernel.
	Remove the Win4Lin application, the Win4Lin-enabled kernel and restore your original kernel,
	 
6	You will need to reboot your system after removing Win4Lin.

